全谷物的摄入，可能有利于降低肥胖发生的风险

Urinary alkylresorcinol metabolites, biomarkers of whole grain wheat and rye intake, are beneficially associated with liver fat and other fat measures

尿烷基间苯二酚代谢物，全麦小麦和黑麦摄入量的生物标志物，与肝脏脂肪和其他脂肪指标呈现有益相关

Author: Zisuo Sun, Yaling Shao, Xiaoyu Zhang, Zhihao Zhou, Shu Ye, Mengfei Liu, Yaning Lv, Shaoyu Xie, Hongjun Cao, Zhuang Zhang, Wanshui Yang

Source: Food & Function

DOI: 10.1039/d4fo01248h.

Abstract

Aims: Epidemiological studies that use dietary biomarkers to investigate the association between whole grain intake and the risk of obesity are sparse. We assessed the association between urinary alkylresorcinol metabolites including 3-(3,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-1-propanoic acid (DHPPA) and 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHBA), biomarkers of whole grain wheat and rye intake, and body fat measures.

Methods: We measured urinary excretion of DHPPA and DHBA, body weight, height, and circumferences of the waist and hip at the baseline and again after 1-year in a representative sample of 306 community-dwelling adults in Huoshan, China. We also measured liver fat accumulation [indicated by the controlled attenuation parameter (CAP)] and other body composition after 1 year. Multivariate-adjusted linear models and linear mixed-effects models were used to analyze single measurement and repeated measurements, respectively.

Results: Each 1 µg g−1 creatinine increase in urinary DHPPA levels was associated with 0.21%, 0.23%, 3.64%, and 4.80% decrease in body weight, body mass index (BMI), body fat mass (BFM) and visceral fat level (VFL), respectively (all P < 0.05). Higher DHBA levels were inversely associated with CAP (percentage difference per 1 µg g−1 creatinine increment: −1.98%, P < 0.05). Higher total urinary alkylresorcinol metabolite (DHPPA + DHBA) levels were associated with lower body weight, BMI, BFM, VFL, and CAP, with the percentage differences per 1 µg g−1 creatinine increment of −0.27%, −0.27%, −3.79%, −5.12%, and −2.24%, respectively (all P < 0.05).

Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the intake of whole grain wheat and rye, reflected by urinary DHPPA and DHBA, is favorably associated with liver fat and other fat measures.

摘要

目的：很少有使用膳食生物标志物来调查全谷物摄入量与肥胖风险之间关系的流行病学研究。我们评估了全麦小麦和黑麦摄入量的生物标志物，尿烷基间苯二酚代谢物，包括3-（3，5-二羟基苯基）-1-丙酸（DHPPA）以及3，5-二羟基苯甲酸（DHBA）与身体脂肪测量指标的关联。

方法：在基线和一年后的随访中，我们在中国霍山地区均测量了306名社区居民的尿DHPPA和DHBA的排泄量、体重、身高、腰围和臀围。在一年后的随访中，我们还测量了肝脏脂肪积累[由受控衰减参数（CAP）表示]和其他身体成分。分别采用广义线性模型和线性混合效应模型分析单次测量和重复测量的指标。

结果：尿DHPPA浓度每升高1 µg/g肌酐，体重、体重指数（BMI）、体脂量（BFM）和内脏脂肪水平（VFL）分别下降0.21%、0.23%、3.64%和4.80%（所有P < 0.05）。更高的尿DHBA水平与CAP呈负相关（每1 µg/g肌酐增量的百分比差异为：-1.98%，P < 0.05）。较高的总尿烷基间苯二酚代谢物（DHPPA + DHBA）水平与较低的体重、BMI、BFM、VFL和CAP相关，每1 µg/g肌酐增量的百分比差异分别为−0.27%、−0.27%、−3.79%、−5.12%和−2.24%（所有P < 0.05）。

结论：我们的研究结果表明，通过尿DHPPA和DHBA反映的全谷物小麦和黑麦的摄入量与肝脏脂肪和其他脂肪指标呈现出有益关联。