母亲育儿压力可能会影响学龄前儿童情绪行为问题的发展轨迹

Association between maternal parenting stress and trajectory of emotional and bahavioral problems in preschool children

母亲育儿压力与学龄前儿童情绪行为问题发展轨迹的关联

Author: Wu Jun, Li Ruoyu, Zha Jinhong, Zhou Yang, Huang Yongling, Wan Yuhui

Source: Chinese Journal of School Health

DOI: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024263

Abstract

Objective: To investige the association between maternal parenting stress and the trajectory of emotional and behavioral problems EBPs in preschool children so as to provide a basis for promoting mental health of preschool children.

Methods: Using a stratified cluster random sampling and convenience sampling methods a baseline survey was conducted in June 2021 among middle class children at 36 kindergartens and their mothers in three cities( Fuyang Wuhu and Luan) in Anhui Province. The first follow up survey was conducted in December 2021 then the follow up survey was every 6 months for a total of three times thus yielding 2 160 valid questionnaires. Latent class growth analysis LCGA was used to analyze the trajectory of preschool children’s EBPs and the association between maternal parenting stress and the development trajectory of preschool children’s EBPs was analyzed with multiple Logistic regression models.

Results: The developmental trajectories of EBPs among preschool children were classified into three groups low risk group( 79.6% ), increasing risk group( 2.3% ) and moderate risk group( 18.1%). After controlling for relevant confounding factors such as gender children’s daily video time mothers’ education mothers’emotional symptoms depression stress anxiety family structure with the low risk group serving as the reference maternal parenting stress was associated with elevated risk in both the moderate risk and increasing risk groups of EBPs in preschool children OR 95%CI =1.06 1.05-1.06 1.03 1.02-1.05 P

【Keywords】 Mothers; Pressure; Emotions; Mental health; Regression analysis; Child,preschool

摘要

目的：探讨母亲育儿压力与学龄前儿童情绪行为问题（EBPs）变化轨迹的关联为学龄前儿童心理健康提供参考。

方法：2021年6月采用分层整群随机与方便抽样相结合的方法抽取安徽省（阜阳､芜湖和六安）3座城市36所幼儿园中班儿童及母亲进行基线调查。2021年12月进行第1次随访调查随后每6个月随访1次，共随访3次，纳入有效问卷2160份采用潜类别增长模型(LCGA)分析学龄前儿童EBPs发展轨迹通过多元Logistic回归模型探讨母亲育儿压力与学龄前儿童EBPs发展轨迹间的关联。

结果：学龄前儿童EBPs发展轨迹可划分为3组分别是低风险组(79.6%)、风险升高组(2.3%)及中风险组(18.1%)。控制性别、儿童每天视屏时间、母亲文化程度、母亲情绪症状(抑郁、压力、焦虑)、家庭结构等混杂因素后，以低风险轨迹组为参考母亲育儿压力增高与学龄前儿童EBPs中风险轨迹组和风险升高轨迹组发生风险增加有关[OR值(95%CI)分别为1.06(1.05~1.06)1.03(1.02~1.05)P值均<0.05]。

结论：学龄前儿童EBPs存在群体异质性，母亲育儿压力增高是学龄前儿童出现更高风险EBPs发展轨迹的风险因素。提供缓解母亲育儿压力的针对性措施是促进学龄前儿童身心健康发展的重要途径。

【关键词】母亲；压力；情绪；精神卫生；回归分析；儿童，学龄前