童年期遭受虐待和忽视，可能增加初中女生躯体症状和焦虑抑郁情绪问题发生风险

Association between childhood maltreatment with physical and mental health in junior high school girls

童年期虐待忽视与初中女生身心健康的关联

作者：谢钱茹，黄晓曼，文雪，汪耿夫

来源：中国学校卫生

DOI：10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024296

摘要

目的 探究初中女生遭受童年期虐待忽视与身心健康之间的关联，为预防青少年身心健康提供基础数据。方法 2023 年4—6月，采用分层随机整群抽样方法抽取安徽省6座城市共5083名初中女生，使用中文版儿童创伤问卷简表、躯体症状量表-8、7条目广泛性焦虑障碍量表和9条目患者健康问卷开展调査。采用χ²检验进行组间比较，采用 Logistic回归分析和χ²趋势检验探讨童年期虐待忽视与初中女生身心健康的关联。结果 34.3%的初中女生报告在小学及以前遭受过至少1种童年期虐待忽视，躯体虐待、情感虐待、性虐待、躯体忽视和情感忽视的报告率分别为 13.9%，27.1%，7.3%，7.0%和12.5%。不同类型童年期虐待忽视与初中女生焦虑症状，抑郁症状、躯体症状检出均呈正相关（OR=2.53~6.90，P值均<0.01）；且随着童年期虐待忽视数量的增加，女生焦虑症状、抑郁症状、躯体症状检出的可能性均增加（χ²_趋势值分别为446.42，679.10 .396.36；1种虐待忽视OR 值分别为 2.20，3.17，2.72；≥4种虐待忽视OR 值分别为 7.10，15.60，8.47，P值均<0.01)。结论 童年期虐待忽视与初中女生身心健康密切相关，加强童年期虐待忽视预防控制，有助于缓解初中女生的负面身心健康状况。

Abstract 

Objective To explore the associations between childhood maltreatment and the physical and mental health in junior high school girls, so as to provide a basic data for the prevention of adolescent physical and mental health. Methods From April to June 2023, a total of 5083 junior high school girls in six cities in Anhui Province were selected by stratified cluster random sampling and surveyed by Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form, Somatic Symptom Seale-8, 7-tiem Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale and Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Chi-quare test was used for inter group comparison, and Logistic regression analysis and chi-quare trend test were used to explore the association of childhood abuse and neglect with the physical and mental health of junior high school girls. Results About 34.3% of the girls had experienced at least one type of childhood maltreatment in elementary school, and the reporting rates of physical abuse, emotional abuse, sexual abuse, physical neglect, and emotional neglect were 13.9%, 27.1%, 7.3%, 7.0% and 12.5%, respectively. Different types of childhood maltreatment were positively correlated with the detection of anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms and somatic symptoms (OR= 2.53—6.90, P<0.01). And as the number of childhood abuse and neglect increased, the detection possibility of anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms and somatic symptoms in girls also increased (χ² = 446.42, 679.10, 396.36; 1 type of childhood maltreatment: OR=2.20, 3.17, 2.72; More than 4 types of childhood maltreatment: OR=7.10, 15.60, 8.47, P<0.01). Conclusion Childhood maltreatment are closely related to the physical and mental health of junior high school girls, and strengthening the prevention and control of childhood maltreatment can help alleviate the negative physical and mental health impacts on girls during this stage.