多数中小学生家长支持开展基于学校的普遍性抑郁症筛查

Parental acceptance of school-based universal depression screening for children and adolescents in primary and secondary school in China

基于中国中小学校开展普遍性抑郁症筛查的父母可接受性研究

Authors: Peipei Wu, Wenjuan Huang, Feng Jiao, Guoping Chen, Ying Sun.

Source: BMC Public Health.

Doi: 10.1186/s12889-025-21311-8.

Abstract

Introduction: School-based universal depression screening (SBUDS) is an effective method for early identification of depression. As parents are the primary decision-makers for their children's acceptance of healthcare services, this study aims to examine rural and urban parental acceptance of SBUDS.

Methods: The study assessed parental acceptance of SBUDS for their children and its association with self-reported parental perception of depression (i.e., parental knowledge of depression, self-efficacy to identify child depression, and depression stigma) and parental belief regarding the benefits and risks of SBUDS. The analysis included 13,480 parents with at least one child in grades 4-12 from 29 primary and secondary schools in four cities across China.

Results: In this large and diverse sample, 92.4% of the participants supported SBUDS for their children despite concerns about the risks of SBUDS (e.g., accuracy and privacy of screening results). Most parents supported SBUDS starting in 4th (25.5%) or 7th (24.7%) grades, though 7.6% responded no screening should be done. Regression analysis revealed that parents with a higher level of knowledge about depression (OR = 1.496, 95%CI [1.08, 2.073]; P = 0.015) had higher odds of parental acceptance of SBUDS. However, this association was not evident among rural parents stratified by urban-rural locality.

Conclusions: In this survey study, most Chinese parents accept SBUDS for their children despite concerns. Guidelines for maintaining adolescent confidentiality and ensuring the accuracy of results in an SBUDS will require careful consideration. Additionally, the study findings indicate that improving parental knowledge about adolescent depression is essential for promoting parental acceptance of SBUDS.

Keywords: Adolescents; Depression; Parent; Schools; Screening.

摘要

简介：基于学校开展的普遍性抑郁症筛查 （School-based universal depression screening, SBUDS） 是早期识别抑郁症的有效方法。由于父母是子女接受医疗保健服务的主要决策者，本研究旨在调查农村和城市父母对 SBUDS 的可接受性。

方法： 该研究评估了父母对孩子 SBUDS 的可接受性及其与自我报告的父母对抑郁的相关认知（如：父母对抑郁症的知识水平、父母识别子女抑郁症状的自我效能，和对青少年抑郁症的病耻感）和父母对SBUDS利弊的信念的相关性。该分析包括来自中国四个城市 29 所中小学的13480名学生家长，他们至少有一名 子女就读于4～12年级。

结果： 在这个多样化的大样本中，92.4%的家长接受为其子女开展SBUDS，尽管担心 SBUDS 的风险 （例如，筛查结果的准确性和隐私性）。大多数家长支持从 4 年级（25.5%）或7年级（24.7%）开始进行 SBUDS，尽管7.6%的家长认为不应该进行筛查。回归分析显示，对抑郁症知识水平较高的父母 （OR＝1.496， 95%CI [1.08， 2.073]；P＝0.015）父母接受 SBUDS的几率更高。然而，按城乡分层后分析发现，这种关联在农村父母中并不显著。

结论： 在这项调查研究中，尽管存在担忧，但大多数中国父母接受为其子女开展SBUDS。相关指南的制定需要仔细考虑保障青少年隐私和SBUDS结果的准确性。此外，研究结果表明，提高父母对青少年抑郁症的知识水平对于促进父母SBUDS的可接受性至关重要。

关键词： 青少年；抑郁症；父母；学校；筛查。