昼夜节律紊乱增加大学生健康危险行为的发生风险

The association of chronotype, sleep duration and trajectories of health-risk behaviors among college students: a cohort study

大学生睡眠时型、睡眠时长与健康危险行为轨迹之间的关联：一项队列研究

Authors: Wan-yu Che, Chen-fang Wang, Shu-man Tao, Ting-ting Li, Yang Xie, Fang-biao Tao, Xiao-yan Wu

Source: Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health

DOI: 10.1186/s13034-025-00861-0

Abstract

Purpose: To describe the trajectories of health-risk behaviors (HRBs) among college students through four consecutive surveys and explore the relationship between chronotype, sleep duration and different trajectories of HRBs.

Methods: We used a data sample of 1,042 college students from the College Student Behavior and Health Cohort Study. Students reported sleep parameters, including chronotype (Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire-5, MEQ-5) and sleep duration. The behavior scale was used to evaluate four HRBs (smoking, alcohol use, low physical activity, smartphone addiction). The latent class growth analysis (LCGA) was used to estimate the trajectory of self-reported HRBs. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to study whether sleep parameters (chronotype and sleep duration) correlated with HRBs’ trajectories.

Results: Four unique trajectories of behaviors were identified: unhealthy group (7.4%), increasing group (21.3%), decreasing group (10.3%) and healthy group (61.0%). Compared with the normal sleep, results from logistic regression analyses indicated that long sleep (>9 h) was associated with the decreasing group and the unhealthy group (P<0.05), while short sleep (<7 h) was associated with the increasing group and the unhealthy group (P<0.05). Compared with the M-type, the E-type were positively correlated with the unhealthy group, the increasing group, and the decreasing group (P<0.05).

Conclusion: E-type, short sleep duration and long sleep duration were significantly associated with the trajectory of HRBs. Findings underscore the need for targeted screening and prevention of modifiable sleep behaviors with the aim of improving HRBs in college students.

Keywords: Chronotype, Sleep duration, Health-risk behaviors, Latent class growth analysis

摘要

目的：通过4次连续调查描述大学生健康危险行为（HRBs）的变化轨迹，并探讨睡眠时型、睡眠时长与不同健康危险行为轨迹之间的关系。

方法：我们使用了来自“大学生行为与健康队列研究”的1 042名大学生的数据样本。参与者报告了睡眠参数，包括睡眠时型（MEQ-5）和睡眠时长。行为量表用于评估4种健康危险行为（吸烟、饮酒、低体力活动水平、手机成瘾）。潜类别增长模型（LCGA）用于估计自我报告的健康危险行为的变化轨迹。多元逻辑回归模型用于分析睡眠参数（睡眠时型和睡眠时长）是否与健康危险行为的轨迹相关。

结果：本研究识别出4种健康危险行为轨迹：不健康组（7.4%）、健康危险行为增加组（21.3%）、健康危险行为减少组（10.3%）和健康组（61.0%）。逻辑回归分析结果显示，与正常睡眠时长相比，长睡眠时长（>9小时）与健康危险行为减少组和不健康组相关（P<0.05），而短睡眠时长（<7小时）与健康危险行为增加组和不健康组相关（P<0.05）。与睡眠时型为清晨型（M型）相比，夜晚型（E型）与不健康组、健康危险行为增加组和健康危险行为减少组呈正相关（P<0.05）。

结论：夜晚型睡眠时型（E型）、短睡眠时长和长睡眠时长均与健康危险行为（HRBs）的轨迹显著相关。研究结果提示，有必要针对可改变的睡眠行为进行针对性地筛查和预防，以改善大学生的健康危险行为。

关键词：睡眠时型，睡眠时长，健康危险行为，潜类别增长模型