利用激光直接红外成像技术可识别一次性纸杯实际使用过程中释放的微塑料

Identification and characterization of microplastics released during the actual use of disposable cups using laser direct infrared imaging

利用激光直接红外成像技术识别一次性纸杯实际使用过程中释放的微塑料并确定其特征

Authors：Shanshan Du, Ziyan Liu, Lei Wu, Fangbiao Tao

Source：Analyst

PMID: 39925151

DOI: 10.1039/d4an01375a

Abstract

Disposable plastic cups are commonly used as beverage containers. This study investigated the characteristics of microplastics (MPs) released from plastic cups under everyday conditions and assessed the emission of MPs from disposable cups, including polypropylene (PP) and polystyrene (PS). We systematically examined the impact of material, temperature, and liquid type on the release of MPs using laser direct infrared (LDIR) spectroscopy. The findings indicated that all cups released irregularly shaped MPs smaller than 50 μm. When filled with water at 95 °C for 15 min, the average MP concentrations in the PP and PS cups were 1340 and 980 particles per L, respectively. The disposable plastic cups exhibited higher average MP concentrations at elevated temperatures. Similar profiles were observed for both types of cups, with the MP release capacity at 95 °C being 1.5 times higher than that at 50 °C. Low temperatures facilitated the self-release of MPs from disposable cups. Furthermore, reusable cups released fewer MPs than single-use cups. The study estimated that regular use of a cup three times a day could lead to the unintentional ingestion of 294-402 MPs per day. These results provide a basis for evaluating possible health hazards associated with human exposure to MPs.

摘要：

一次性塑料杯通常用作饮料容器。本研究调查了塑料杯在日常条件下释放出的微塑料（MPs）的特性，并评估了一次性塑料杯（包括聚丙烯（PP）和聚苯乙烯（PS））的 MPs 排放量。我们使用激光直接红外（LDIR）光谱系统地研究了材料、温度和液体类型对 MPs 释放的影响。研究结果表明，所有杯子都能释放出形状不规则、小于 50 μm 的 MPs。在 95 °C 下注水 15 分钟后，聚丙烯杯和聚苯乙烯杯中的MP平均浓度分别为每升 1340 个和 980 个颗粒。在高温条件下，一次性塑料杯中的MP平均浓度更高。两种塑料杯的情况相似，95 °C时的MP释放能力是50 °C时的1.5倍。低温有利于一次性塑料杯中 MP 的自我释放。此外，与一次性杯子相比，可重复使用的杯子释放的多溴联苯醚更少。研究估计，每天三次定期使用杯子会导致每天无意摄入 294-402 颗多溴联苯。这些结果为评估人类接触多溴联苯对健康可能造成的危害提供了依据。