白天光照减少，夜间光照增加可能增加学龄儿童肥胖风险

Personal 24-hour light exposure pattern with obesity and adiposity-related parameters in school-aged children: A cross-sectional study based on compositional data analysis

个体24小时光暴露模式与学龄儿童肥胖及相关指标：一项基于成分数据分析的横断面研究

Authors: Wenqin Ding, Qi Li, Yi Zhou, Yuxiang Xu, Yuhui Wan, Fangbiao Tao, Ying Sun

Source: Environmental Research

DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2025.121422

Abstract

The 24-h light exposure pattern is an essential feature of circadian rhythms and a potential contributor to body fat health. However, no previous studies have investigated 24-h light exposure patterns in relation to adiposity-related parameters in children. This cross-sectional study recruited school-aged children in Chuzhou, Anhui province, China. Personal 24-h light exposure was collected for 5 days and was divided into four measures: light at daytime (LAD)≥100 lx and <100 lx; light at night (LAN)≥1 lx and <1 lx. Adiposity-related parameters were measured via a body composition analyzer. The association of light exposure with adiposity-related parameters was analyzed using compositional data analysis (CoDA). This study included 831 children 8.53 ± 0.62 years, who were exposed to LAD ≥100 lx for 490.1 ± 92.7 min and LAN≥1 lx for 311.2 ± 98.5 min. The proportion of time spent in LAD≥100 lx increasing by 1 % (14.4 min/day) was linked to a decline of 3.10 % in percentage of body fat (PBF). In contrast, prolonged exposure to LAN ≥1 lx by 14.4 min/day was associated with an increase of 3.49 % in PBF (All P < 0.01). These associations were robust in boys after gender stratification. CoDA estimated that reducing the time of LAN ≥1 lx had more influence in decreasing the odds of childhood overweight/obesity than increasing the time of LAD ≥100 lx. Suboptimal 24-h light exposure patterns (brighter nights, darker days) play a threatening role in childhood overweight/obesity. Bright LAN replaced with darker LAN or bright LAD might help decrease the odds of childhood overweight/obesity.

Keywords: Body composition; Childhood overweight/obesity; Light at daytime; Light at night.

摘要：

24小时光暴露模式是昼夜节律的基本特征，也是影响体脂的潜在因素。然而，现有研究尚未探究24小时光暴露模式与儿童肥胖相关参数的关联。本横断面研究招募了中国安徽省滁州市的学龄儿童。连续收集个体5天24小时光暴露，并将其分为4个指标：白天光照（light at daytime, LAD）≥100 lx和<100 lx；夜间光照（light at night, LAN）≥1 lx和<1 lx。通过体成分分析仪测量儿童肥胖相关参数。使用成分数据分析（compositional data analysis, CoDA）探究光暴露与肥胖相关参数的关联。本研究纳入831名年龄为（8.53±0.62）岁的儿童，他们暴露在LAD≥100 lx和LAN≥1 lx的时间分别为（490.1±92.7）分钟，（311.2±98.5）分钟。LAD≥100 lx的时间比例增加1%（14.4分钟/天）与体脂率（percentage of body fat，PBF）下降3.10%相关。相比之下，暴露于LAN≥1 lx 增加14.4 分钟/天与PBF增加3.49%相关（P <0.01）。在性别分层后，这些关联在男童中显著。CoDA结果提示，缩短LAN≥1 lx的时间比延长LAD≥100 lx的时间对降低儿童超重/肥胖几率的影响更大。不理想的24小时光暴露模式（明亮的夜晚，黑暗的白天）增加儿童超重/肥胖风险。用较暗的LAN或较亮的LAD时间取代较亮的LAN时间可能有助于降低儿童超重/肥胖的几率。

关键词：白天光，夜间光，儿童超重/肥胖，体成分