Early sleep duration trajectories and children's cognitive development: a prospective cohort study

Title：Early sleep duration trajectories and children's cognitive development: a prospective cohort study.

Authors：Zhou J, Zhu L, Teng Y, Tong J, Gao G, Yan S, Tao F, Huang K.  

Source：Eur J Pediatr. 2023 Sep 22. 

DOI: 10.1007/s00431-023-05195-7.

原文链接：https://doi.org/10.1007/s00431-023-05195-7

Abstract

We aimed to investigate the association between sleep duration trajectories and cognitive performance in preschool-aged Chinese children. We included 2131 children from the Ma'anshan birth cohort (MABC) study. Sleep duration trajectories from 6 to 48 months of age were determined using the group-based trajectory modeling (GBTM). Children's intellectual development was assessed using the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence. Compared to those with a medium total sleep duration trajectory, children with a short total sleep duration trajectory had poorer cognitive performance on the Visual Spatial Index (VSI) (β = -3.65; 95% CI = -6.77 to -0.53), which was associated with an increased risk of a low full-scale intelligence quotient (FSIQ) (OR = 1.60; 95% CI = 1.02 to 2.51). The short total sleep duration trajectory was associated with a low VSI compared with both the medium total sleep duration trajectory and the long total sleep duration trajectory. Compared to children with normal nighttime sleep duration and normal daytime sleep duration trajectories, children with short nighttime sleep and long daytime sleep duration trajectories, normal nighttime sleep and long daytime sleep duration trajectories, and short nighttime sleep and normal daytime sleep duration trajectories all had lower cognitive performance. The restricted cubic spline (RCS) also showed that children with and appropriate total sleep duration, an adequate nighttime sleep duration, and a moderate daytime sleep duration had higher FSIQ.

Conclusions: The results of this study emphasize that a medium total sleep duration, adequate sleep at nighttime, and appropriate sleep in the daytime appear to be more beneficial for children's cognitive development.

What is known: • Sleep duration in infancy is strongly associated with neurocognitive development.

What is new: • Medium and long total sleep duration trajectories are beneficial for children's cognitive performance compared to the short total sleep duration trajectory. • A medium total sleep duration, adequate sleep at nighttime and appropriate sleep in the daytime appear to be more beneficial for children's cognitive development.

Keywords: Children; Cognition; Sleep duration; Trajectory.

摘要

本研究旨在探讨中国学龄前儿童睡眠持续时间轨迹与认知表现之间的关系。我们纳入了来自马鞍山出生队列(MABC)研究的2131名儿童。使用基于组的轨迹模型(GBTM)确定6至48个月大的睡眠持续时间轨迹。儿童的智力发展采用韦氏学前和初级智力量表进行评估。与中等总睡眠时间轨迹的儿童相比，短总睡眠时间轨迹的儿童在视觉空间指数(VSI)上的认知表现较差(β = -3.65;95% CI = -6.77至-0.53)，这与低全面智商(FSIQ)的风险增加有关(OR = 1.60;95% CI = 1.02 ~ 2.51)。与中等总睡眠时间轨迹和长总睡眠时间轨迹相比，短总睡眠时间轨迹与低VSI相关。与夜间睡眠时间正常和白天睡眠时间正常的儿童相比，夜间睡眠时间短和白天睡眠时间长、夜间睡眠时间正常和白天睡眠时间长、夜间睡眠时间短和白天睡眠时间正常的儿童的认知表现都较低。限制三次样条(RCS)也显示，总睡眠时间适当、夜间睡眠时间充足和白天睡眠时间适中的儿童具有较高的FSIQ。

结论:本研究结果强调，中等的总睡眠时间、充足的夜间睡眠和适当的白天睡眠似乎更有利于儿童的认知发展。

目前所知:婴儿的睡眠时间与神经认知发展密切相关。

新发现:与短总睡眠时间轨迹相比，中等和较长的总睡眠时间轨迹对儿童的认知表现有益。中等的总睡眠时间，夜间充足的睡眠和白天适当的睡眠似乎对儿童的认知发展更有益。

关键词:儿童;认知;睡眠时间;轨迹。