中国大学生智能手机多任务处理与焦虑症状之间的双向关联

The bidirectional associations between smartphone multitasking and anxiety symptoms among Chinese college students

中国大学生智能手机多任务处理与焦虑症状之间的双向关联

Authors:Meng Wang, Renjie Li, Yang Xie, Yuhui Wan, XiaoyanWu, Fangbiao Tao, Shuman Tao

Source: Journal of Behavioral Addictions

DOI:10.1556/2006.2025.00045

Abstract

Background and aims:To analyze the bidirectional associations between smartphone multitasking and anxiety symptoms among college students.

Methods:A prospective cohort study was conducted from October 2021 to May 2022. Smartphone multitasking and anxiety symptoms were assessed using the Assessment of Smartphone Multitasking for Adolescents and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 items, respectively. Linear regression models were used to analyze the associations between smartphone multitasking and anxiety symptoms among college students. Autoregressive cross⁃lagged models (ARCLM) were used to analyze the bidirectional associations between smartphone multitasking and anxiety symptoms among college students.

Results:A total of 953 college students were included in this study, 323 (33.9%) of whom were males. The mean age of participants at baseline was 18.89 ± 1.33 years. The rates of depressive symptoms among college students were 28.1% at baseline and 29.0% at 6-month follow-up, respectively. Pearson correlation analysis showed significant positive correlations between all zero-level variables (p < 0.01). Linear regression analyses showed that after adjusting for demographic characteristics and health risk behaviors, smartphone multitasking was still positively correlated to anxiety symptoms at baseline (β = 1.30, 95%CI: 0.54-2.05) and 6-month follow-up (β = 0.84, 95%CI: 0.32-1.37). The results of ARCLM showed that smartphone multitasking at baseline was positively correlated with anxiety symptoms after 6-month (β = 0.03, p < 0.01), but anxiety symptoms at baseline did not significantly correlate to smartphone multitasking after 6-month among college students (β = 0.04, p = 0.51).

Discussion and conclusions:Smartphone multitasking is associated with higher anxiety symptoms at baseline and follow-up, but no bidirectional relationship exists. Reducing smartphone use may improve mental wellbeing.

Keywords:anxiety; cohort study; college students; media multitasking; mobile phone addiction; smartphone.

摘要

背景与目的：分析大学生智能手机多任务处理与焦虑症状之间的双向关联。

方法：本研究为前瞻性队列研究，于2021年10月至2022年5月开展。智能手机多任务处理和焦虑症状分别采用《青少年智能手机多任务处理评估量表》和《广泛性焦虑障碍-7项量表》进行评估。采用线性回归模型分析大学生智能手机多任务处理与焦虑症状之间的关联。采用自回归交叉滞后模型（ARCLM）分析大学生智能手机多任务处理与焦虑症状之间的双向关联。

结果：本研究共纳入953名大学生，其中男性323人（33.9%）。基线时参与者的平均年龄为18.89 ± 1.33岁。大学生抑郁症状的发生率在基线时为28.1%，6个月随访时为29.0%。皮尔逊相关分析显示，所有零水平变量之间存在显著正相关（p < 0.01）。线性回归分析显示，在调整了人口统计学特征和健康风险行为后，智能手机多任务处理仍与基线时（β = 1.30，95%CI：0.54-2.05）和6个月随访时（β = 0.84，95%CI：0.32-1.37）的焦虑症状呈正相关。ARCLM分析结果显示，基线时智能手机多任务处理与6个月后焦虑症状呈正相关（β = 0.03，p < 0.01），但基线时焦虑症状与6个月后智能手机多任务处理在大学生中无显著相关性（β = 0.04，p = 0.51）。

讨论与结论：智能手机多任务处理与基线和随访时的焦虑症状较高相关，但不存在双向关系。减少智能手机使用可能改善心理健康。

关键词：焦虑；队列研究；大学生；媒体多任务处理；手机成瘾；智能手机。