儿童青少年心血管代谢风险与情绪障碍关联的研究进展

Research progress on the association between cardiometabolic risk and emotional disorders in children and adolescents

儿童青少年心血管代谢风险与情绪障碍关联的研究进展

Authors:Ruan Ziyan, Tao Fangbiao, Wu Xiaoyan

Source: Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine

DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20241101-00869

Abstract

The prevalence of cardiovascular diseases among children and adolescents continues to escalate, with cardiometabolic risk factors emerging as primary contributors to this concerning trend. Key contributing factors encompass obesity, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension. This developmental phase represents a crucial window for both physical maturation and psychological growth. Previous studies have demonstrated significant associations between cardiovascular pathologies and mental health outcomes. Given their immature physiological and psychological regulatory systems, children and adolescents exhibit heightened susceptibility to emotional dysregulation, predominantly manifesting as anxiety disorders and depressive conditions.Current research remains limited in elucidating the complex relationship between cardiometabolic risk profiles and affective disorders within this vulnerable population. Emerging evidence suggests that cardiometabolic disturbances may potentiate the pathogenesis and progression of mood disorders through multifaceted mechanisms including oxidative stress pathways, neuroendocrine system dysregulation, and maladaptive lifestyle patterns. However, substantial gaps persist in our understanding of the precise pathophysiological interactions underlying this association.This comprehensive review systematically examines the interconnection between cardiometabolic risk parameters and emotional disorders in pediatric populations. This article critically evaluate current assessment methodologies, epidemiological patterns, and clinical correlations while proposing mechanistic frameworks that integrate biochemical, neurological, and behavioral pathways. The analysis emphasizes the need for interdisciplinary approaches to address this pressing public health challenge.

Keywords：Children;Adolescent;Cardiometabolic;Emotional disorders;Mental health

摘要

儿童青少年心血管疾病发病呈上升趋势，心血管代谢健康风险是心血管疾病的主要诱因之一，其主要风险因素包括肥胖、糖尿病、血压升高等。儿童青少年时期是身心发展的关键时期，既往研究显示心血管疾病与心理健康密切相关，儿童青少年由于其生理调节机制、心理机制未发育成熟，易发生以焦虑、抑郁为主的情绪障碍，然而目前关注儿童青少年心血管代谢风险与情绪障碍的研究仍较少。心血管代谢风险可从氧化反应、神经系统和不良生活方式等方面导致情绪障碍问题的发生发展，但两者间关联机制的证据尚不够完整。本文聚焦儿童青少年心血管代谢风险与情绪障碍之间的关联，对儿童青少年心血管代谢风险和情绪障碍的评价方式、流行状况及其与儿童青少年情绪障碍的关联进行综述，并进一步阐明二者关联的潜在机制。

关键词：儿童;青少年;心血管代谢;情绪障碍;心理健康