父母敌意强制的养育行为可能会增加儿童睡眠问题发生的风险

Association between parental parenting behaviors and sleep problems in preschool children

学龄前儿童父母养育行为与其睡眠问题的关联

Authors: Ding Peng, Geng Menglong, Wu Xiaoyan, Tao Shuman, Tao Fangbiao.

Source: Chinese Journal of School Health

DOI: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024361

Abstract  

Objective：Analyze the association between parenting styles of parents of preschool children and sleep problems in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in China, providing decision-making support for promoting children's growth and development and improving parental caregiving practices.

Methods：In October 2017, a purposive sampling method was employed to select 27,200 preschool children from 11 cities across Hubei, Anhui, and Jiangsu provinces for a parent-reported questionnaire survey. Parenting behaviors were assessed using the Parent Behavior Inventory, while children's sleep problems were evaluated using the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression models were applied to analyze the data. Interaction terms between parenting behaviors and children's age were included to examine the influence of parenting behaviors on sleep problems across different age groups of children. 

Result：The prevalence of sleep problems among preschool children was reported to be 15.3%. After adjusting for confounding factors, sleep problems were positively associated with maternal hostility/coercion parenting behavior scores (moderate level：OR=1.38；high level：OR=1.86) and paternal hostile/coercive parenting behavior scores (moderate level：OR=1.17；high level：OR=1.59) (all P < 0.05) . Positive associations were observed between parental hostile/coercive parenting behaviors and sleep problems among 3-, 4-, 5-, and 6-year-old children (Maternal high level：OR=1.75, 2.97, 1.86, 2.75, respectively；Paternal high level：OR=1.79，1.91，1.69，1.79, respectively). Moreover, paternal supportive/engaged parenting behavior scores were negatively associated with sleep problems in 4- and 5-year-olds(4-year-olds with moderate paternal support: OR = 0.84; 5-year-olds with high paternal support: OR = 0.82)(all P < 0.05). A significant positive association was observed between sleep problems and cases where both maternal support/involvement and paternal hostility/coercion parenting behavior scores were high (OR = 1.93), as well as when both maternal hostility/coercion and paternal support/involvement parenting behavior scores were high (OR = 1.93). Furthermore, when both maternal and paternal hostility/coercion parenting behavior scores were high, the association with sleep problems was stronger (OR = 2.60) (all P < 0.05). 

Conclusions：Children's sleep problems are influenced by parental parenting behaviors, especially hostile/coercive parenting behaviors that increases the risk of children's sleep problems.

Key words：Parenting；Sleep；Mental health；Child; Preschool

摘要

目的：分析中国长江中下游地区学龄前儿童父母教养方式与其睡眠问题的关联，为促进儿童生长发育、改善父母养育行为选择提供决策支持。

方法：2017年10月，采用立意抽样的方法、从湖北、安徽、江苏三省11座城市抽取27 200名学龄前儿童进行家长问卷调查，使用父母行为问卷评定父母养育行为，儿童睡眠习惯问卷评定儿童睡眠问题。采用描述性统计和Logistic回归模型分析数据，设立父母教养行为与儿童年龄交互项，分析不同年龄儿童的父母教养行为对其睡眠的影响。

结果：学龄前儿童睡眠问题报告率为15.3%。调整混杂因素后，睡眠问题与母亲敌意/强制的养育行为得分（中等水平：OR=1.38：高水平：OR=1.86）、父亲敌意/强制的养育行为得分（中等水平：OR=1.17；高水平：OR=1.59)呈正相关（P值均<0.05）。3，4，5，6岁学龄前儿童睡眠问题与父母敌意/强制的养育行为均存在正相关联（母亲高水平：OR值分别为1.75，2.97，1.86，2.75；父亲高水平；OR值分别为1.79，1.91，1.69，1.79）；4和5岁儿童与父亲支持/参与的养育行为得分呈负相关（4岁儿童父亲中等水平：OR=0.84；5岁儿童父亲高水平：OR=0.82）（P值均<0.05）。母亲支持/参与和父亲敌意/强制得分均高水平时与儿童睡眠问题的发生（OR=1.93）呈正相关；母亲敌意/强制和父亲支持/参与得分均高水平时与儿童睡眠问题的发生（OR=1.93）呈正相关；父母敌意/强制的养育行为得分均为高水平时与儿童睡眠问题的发生（OR=2.60）呈正相关（P值均<0.05）。

结论：儿童睡眠问题受到父母养育行为的影响，特别是敌意/强制的养育行为会增加儿童睡眠问题发生的风险。

关键词：父母养育行为；睡眠；精神卫生；儿童；学龄前