夜间接触较高水平光暴露损害大学生葡萄糖代谢标志物

Impact of bedroom light exposure on glucose metabolic markers and the role of circadian-dependent meal timing: A population-based cross-sectional study

卧室夜间光对葡萄糖代谢标志物的影响以及昼夜进食时间的作用：一项基于人群的横断面研究

Authors: Qi Li, Yu-xiang Xu, Xiu-zhen Lu, Yu-ting Shen, Yu-hui Wan, Pu-yu Su, Fang-biao Tao, Xin Chen, Ying Sun.

Source: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf

DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117589

Abstract

Background: Light at night (LAN) has become a global concern. However, little is known about the effects of bedroom LAN exposure on glucose metabolism markers. We aimed to explore the association between intensity and duration of bedroom LAN exposure with glucose metabolism markers, and the role of circadian-dependent meal timing in these associations.

Methods: Real-ambient bedroom LAN exposure was measured using a portable illuminance meter for two consecutive days. Seven consecutive days of sleep time and 24-h dietary records were assessed by wrist-worn accelerometer and mobile phone photos, respectively. Circadian-dependent meal timing, including the timing of meal relative to clock time and sleep time, was calculated from 24-h dietary records and sleep data.

Results: The mean age of participants was 18.7 years, and 32.8 % were male. Per SD lx increase of bedroom LAN_avg was associated with 1.75 μU/mL-increase in INS (95 %CI: 0.10, 2.50), 0.61 unit-increase in HOMA-IR (95 %CI: 0.43, 0.79), and 0.09 unit-increase in TyG (95 %CI: 0.04, 0.15); per SD min increase of bedroom LAN3 was associated with 1.61 μU/mL-increase in INS (95 %CI: 0.84, 2.37), 0.48 unit-increase in HOMA-IR (95 %CI: 0.29, 0.67), and 0.07 unit-increase in TyG (95 %CI: 0.01, 0.13). Nevertheless, these associations were found to be significant in later circadian-dependent meal timing group while weaker or not significant in earlier circadian-dependent meal timing group (time of first meal ≤ 9:00, time of last meal ≤ 19:00, first meal - sleep end ≤ 2 h, and sleep onset - last meal ≥ 5 h).

Conclusions: Overall, bedroom LAN exposure was associated with impaired glucose metabolism markers among young adults. Importantly, circadian-dependent meal timing may have potentially moderation effects on these associations. Keeping bedroom darkness at night and adhering to early eating pattern may be important public health strategies to reduce the risk of glucose metabolism disorders.

Keywords: Light at night; meal timing; glucose metabolism markers; circadian; young adults.

摘要

背景：夜间光（light at night, LAN） 暴露已成为全球关注的问题。但关于卧室 LAN 暴露对葡萄糖代谢标志物影响的研究还较少。本研究旨在探讨卧室 LAN 暴露的强度和时长与葡萄糖代谢标志物之间的关联，以及昼夜进餐时间在这些关联中的作用。

方法：使用便携式照度计连续两天测量真实环境卧室 LAN 暴露。连续 7 天通过加速度计评估睡眠时间、通过手机拍照记录24小时饮食。昼夜进餐时间根据 24 小时饮食记录和睡眠数据计算，包括基于时钟时间和睡眠时间的进餐时间。

结果：参与者的平均年龄为 18.7 岁，其中 32.8% 为男性。卧室 LAN 强度每 增加一个SD lx ，INS 增加 1.75 μU/mL（95%CI: 0.10, 2.50）、HOMA-IR 增加 0.61 单位（95%CI: 0.43, 0.79）、TyG 增加 0.09 单位（95%CI:  0.04，0.15）;卧室 LAN达到3lx的时长每增加一个SD min，INS 增加 1.61 μU/mL（95%CI: 0.84, 2.37）、HOMA-IR 增加 0.48 单位（95%CI: 0.29, 0.67）、TyG 增加 0.07 单位（95%CI: 0.01, 0.13）。这些关联在较晚的昼夜进餐时间组中显著，而在较早的昼夜进餐时间组 （第一餐时间≤ 9:00，最后一餐时间 ≤ 19:00，第一餐 - 睡眠结束 ≤ 2小时，入睡 - 最后一餐 ≥ 5小时）中减弱或不显著。

结论：总体而言，卧室 LAN 暴露与年轻人的葡萄糖代谢标志物受损相关。重要的是，昼夜进餐时间可能在这些关联中具有潜在调节效应。晚上保持卧室黑暗并坚持早进食模式可能是降低葡萄糖代谢紊乱风险的重要公共卫生策略。