Research progress on the effects of air pollution exposure on myopia in children and adolescents
Author:LIU Feng,TAO Fang-biao,Wu Xiao-yan
Source:Health Education in China
DOI:10.16168/j.cnki.issn.1002-9982.2024.06.006.
Abstract
Myopia has emerged as a significant public health concern worldwide. At present, the prevalence of myopia among children and adolescents in China has been increasing year by year, and shows a trend of high incidence and low ageing. Adopting effective public health means to reduce the prevalence of myopia among children and adolescents is a necessary way to realize the "Healthy China 2030" blueprint. Most studies have shown that environmental factors are the main factors affecting the occurrence and development of myopia in children and adolescents, among which air pollution, as an environmental factor that can be improved and reduced in a short period of time, has gained wide attention for its role in the occurrence of myopia in children and adolescents. This study reviews the current status of air pollution exposure in children and adolescents at home and abroad, the evidence of the association between air pollutants and myopia, and the biological mechanisms of air pollutants affecting myopia through allergic inflammation, retinal ischemia, and dopamine pathways. This paper can provide a theoretical basis for reducing air pollution and preventing and controlling the development of myopia in children and adolescents.
Key Words:Myopia;Air pollution;Child;Adolescent
摘要
近视已成为全球范围内的一个重要公共卫生问题。目前,我国儿童青少年近视患病率逐年递增,并呈现高发与低龄化趋势,采取有效的公共卫生手段降低儿童青少年近视患病率是实现“健康中国2030”规划的必要途径。多数研究表明,环境因素是影响儿童青少年近视发生发展的主要因素,其中空气污染作为一种短期内可改善降低的环境因素,在儿童青少年近视发生过程中发挥的作用得到广泛关注。本研究综述了国内外儿童青少年空气污染暴露现况,空气污染物与近视之间的关联证据,以及通过过敏性炎症、视网膜缺血、多巴胺途径揭示空气污染物影响近视的生物学机制。本文能够为降低空气污染,预防控制儿童青少年近视的发生发展提供理论依据。
关键词:近视;空气污染;儿童;青少年
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